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OutlineRenderer

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// Copyright (C) 2019-2021 Alexander Bogarsukov. All rights reserved.
// See the LICENSE.md file in the project root for more information.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;
using UnityEngine.XR;

namespace UnityFx.Outline
{
	/// <summary>
	/// Helper class for outline rendering with <see cref="CommandBuffer"/>.
	/// </summary>
	/// <remarks>
	/// <para>The class can be used on its own or as part of a higher level systems. It is used
	/// by higher level outline implementations (<see cref="OutlineEffect"/> and
	/// <see cref="OutlineBehaviour"/>). It is fully compatible with Unity post processing stack as well.</para>
	/// <para>The class implements <see cref="IDisposable"/> to be used inside <see langword="using"/>
	/// block as shown in the code samples. Disposing <see cref="OutlineRenderer"/> does not dispose
	/// the corresponding <see cref="CommandBuffer"/>.</para>
	/// <para>Command buffer is not cleared before rendering. It is user responsibility to do so if needed.</para>
	/// </remarks>
	/// <example>
	/// var commandBuffer = new CommandBuffer();
	/// 
	/// using (var renderer = new OutlineRenderer(commandBuffer, resources))
	/// {
	/// 	renderer.Render(renderers, settings);
	/// }
	///
	/// camera.AddCommandBuffer(CameraEvent.BeforeImageEffects, commandBuffer);
	/// </example>
	/// <seealso cref="OutlineResources"/>
	public readonly struct OutlineRenderer : IDisposable
	{
		#region data

private readonly TextureDimension _rtDimention;
		private readonly RenderTargetIdentifier _rt;
		private readonly RenderTargetIdentifier _depth;
		private readonly CommandBuffer _commandBuffer; 
		private readonly OutlineResources _resources;

#endregion

#region interface

/// <summary>
		/// A default <see cref="CameraEvent"/> outline rendering should be assosiated with.
		/// </summary>
		public const CameraEvent RenderEvent = CameraEvent.AfterSkybox;

/// <summary>
		/// A default render texture format for the outline effect.
		/// </summary>
		public const RenderTextureFormat RtFormat = RenderTextureFormat.R8;

/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="OutlineRenderer"/> struct.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="cmd">A <see cref="CommandBuffer"/> to render the effect to. It should be cleared manually (if needed) before passing to this method.</param>
		/// <param name="resources">Outline resources.</param>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">Thrown if <paramref name="cmd"/> is <see langword="null"/>.</exception>
		public OutlineRenderer(CommandBuffer cmd, OutlineResources resources)
			: this(cmd, resources, BuiltinRenderTextureType.CameraTarget, BuiltinRenderTextureType.Depth, Vector2Int.zero)
		{
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="OutlineRenderer"/> struct.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="cmd">A <see cref="CommandBuffer"/> to render the effect to. It should be cleared manually (if needed) before passing to this method.</param>
		/// <param name="resources">Outline resources.</param>
		/// <param name="renderingPath">The rendering path of target camera (<see cref="Camera.actualRenderingPath"/>).</param>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">Thrown if <paramref name="cmd"/> is <see langword="null"/>.</exception>
		public OutlineRenderer(CommandBuffer cmd, OutlineResources resources, RenderingPath renderingPath)
			: this(cmd, resources, BuiltinRenderTextureType.CameraTarget, GetBuiltinDepth(renderingPath), Vector2Int.zero)
		{
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="OutlineRenderer"/> struct.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="cmd">A <see cref="CommandBuffer"/> to render the effect to. It should be cleared manually (if needed) before passing to this method.</param>
		/// <param name="resources">Outline resources.</param>
		/// <param name="dst">Render target.</param>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">Thrown if <paramref name="cmd"/> is <see langword="null"/>.</exception>
		public OutlineRenderer(CommandBuffer cmd, OutlineResources resources, RenderTargetIdentifier dst)
			: this(cmd, resources, dst, BuiltinRenderTextureType.Depth, Vector2Int.zero)
		{
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="OutlineRenderer"/> struct.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="cmd">A <see cref="CommandBuffer"/> to render the effect to. It should be cleared manually (if needed) before passing to this method.</param>
		/// <param name="dst">Render target.</param>
		/// <param name="renderingPath">The rendering path of target camera (<see cref="Camera.actualRenderingPath"/>).</param>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">Thrown if <paramref name="cmd"/> is <see langword="null"/>.</exception>
		public OutlineRenderer(CommandBuffer cmd, OutlineResources resources, RenderTargetIdentifier dst, RenderingPath renderingPath, Vector2Int rtSize)
			: this(cmd, resources, dst, GetBuiltinDepth(renderingPath), rtSize)
		{
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="OutlineRenderer"/> struct.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="cmd">A <see cref="CommandBuffer"/> to render the effect to. It should be cleared manually (if needed) before passing to this method.</param>
		/// <param name="resources">Outline resources.</param>
		/// <param name="dst">Render target.</param>
		/// <param name="depth">Depth dexture to use.</param>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">Thrown if <paramref name="cmd"/> is <see langword="null"/>.</exception>
		public OutlineRenderer(CommandBuffer cmd, OutlineResources resources, RenderTargetIdentifier dst, RenderTargetIdentifier depth, Vector2Int rtSize)
		{
			if (cmd is null)
			{
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(cmd));
			}

if (resources is null)
			{
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(resources));
			}

if (rtSize.x <= 0)
			{
				rtSize.x = -1;
			}

if (rtSize.y <= 0)
			{
				rtSize.y = -1;
			}

if (XRSettings.enabled)
			{
				var rtDesc = XRSettings.eyeTextureDesc;

rtDesc.shadowSamplingMode = ShadowSamplingMode.None;
				rtDesc.depthBufferBits = 0;
				rtDesc.colorFormat = RtFormat;

cmd.GetTemporaryRT(resources.MaskTexId, rtDesc, FilterMode.Bilinear);
				cmd.GetTemporaryRT(resources.TempTexId, rtDesc, FilterMode.Bilinear);

_rtDimention = rtDesc.dimension;
			}
			else
			{
				cmd.GetTemporaryRT(resources.MaskTexId, rtSize.x, rtSize.y, 0, FilterMode.Bilinear, RtFormat);
				cmd.GetTemporaryRT(resources.TempTexId, rtSize.x, rtSize.y, 0, FilterMode.Bilinear, RtFormat);

_rtDimention = TextureDimension.Tex2D;
			}

_rt = dst;
			_depth = depth;
			_commandBuffer = cmd;
			_resources = resources;
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="OutlineRenderer"/> struct.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="cmd">A <see cref="CommandBuffer"/> to render the effect to. It should be cleared manually (if needed) before passing to this method.</param>
		/// <param name="resources">Outline resources.</param>
		/// <param name="dst">Render target.</param>
		/// <param name="depth">Depth dexture to use.</param>
		/// <param name="rtDesc">Render texture decsriptor.</param>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">Thrown if <paramref name="cmd"/> is <see langword="null"/>.</exception>
		public OutlineRenderer(CommandBuffer cmd, OutlineResources resources, RenderTargetIdentifier dst, RenderTargetIdentifier depth, RenderTextureDescriptor rtDesc)
		{
			if (cmd is null)
			{
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(cmd));
			}

if (resources is null)
			{
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(resources));
			}

if (rtDesc.width <= 0)
			{
				rtDesc.width = -1;
			}

if (rtDesc.height <= 0)
			{
				rtDesc.height = -1;
			}

if (rtDesc.dimension == TextureDimension.None || rtDesc.dimension == TextureDimension.Unknown)
			{
				rtDesc.dimension = TextureDimension.Tex2D;
			}

rtDesc.shadowSamplingMode = ShadowSamplingMode.None;
			rtDesc.depthBufferBits = 0;
			rtDesc.colorFormat = RtFormat;
			rtDesc.msaaSamples = 1;

cmd.GetTemporaryRT(resources.MaskTexId, rtDesc, FilterMode.Bilinear);
			cmd.GetTemporaryRT(resources.TempTexId, rtDesc, FilterMode.Bilinear);

_rtDimention = rtDesc.dimension;
			_rt = dst;
			_depth = depth;
			_commandBuffer = cmd;
			_resources = resources;
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Renders outline around a single object.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="obj">An object to be outlined.</param>
		/// <seealso cref="Render(IReadOnlyList{OutlineRenderObject})"/>
		public void Render(OutlineRenderObject obj)
		{
			Render(obj.Renderers, obj.OutlineSettings, obj.Tag);
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Renders outline around multiple <paramref name="objects"/>.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="objects">An object to be outlined.</param>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">Thrown if <paramref name="objects"/> is <see langword="null"/>.</exception>
		/// <seealso cref="Render(OutlineRenderObject)"/>
		public void Render(IReadOnlyList<OutlineRenderObject> objects)
		{
			if (objects is null)
			{
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(objects));
			}

for (var i = 0; i < objects.Count; i++)
			{
				Render(objects[i]);
			}
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Renders outline around multiple <paramref name="renderers"/>.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="renderers">One or more renderers representing a single object to be outlined.</param>
		/// <param name="settings">Outline settings.</param>
		/// <param name="sampleName">Optional name of the sample (visible in profiler).</param>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">Thrown if any of the arguments is <see langword="null"/>.</exception>
		/// <seealso cref="Render(Renderer, IOutlineSettings, string)"/>
		public void Render(IReadOnlyList<Renderer> renderers, IOutlineSettings settings, string sampleName = null)
		{
			if (renderers is null)
			{
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(renderers));
			}

if (settings is null)
			{
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(settings));
			}

if (renderers.Count > 0)
			{
				// NOTE: Remove BeginSample/EndSample for now (https://github.com/Arvtesh/UnityFx.Outline/issues/44).
				//if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sampleName))
				//{
				//	sampleName = renderers[0].name;
				//}

//_commandBuffer.BeginSample(sampleName);
				{
					RenderObjectClear(settings.OutlineRenderMode);

for (var i = 0; i < renderers.Count; ++i)
					{
						DrawRenderer(renderers[i], settings);
					}

RenderOutline(settings);
				}
				//_commandBuffer.EndSample(sampleName);
			}
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Renders outline around a single <paramref name="renderer"/>.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="renderer">A <see cref="Renderer"/> representing an object to be outlined.</param>
		/// <param name="settings">Outline settings.</param>
		/// <param name="sampleName">Optional name of the sample (visible in profiler).</param>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">Thrown if any of the arguments is <see langword="null"/>.</exception>
		/// <seealso cref="Render(IReadOnlyList{Renderer}, IOutlineSettings, string)"/>
		public void Render(Renderer renderer, IOutlineSettings settings, string sampleName = null)
		{
			if (renderer is null)
			{
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(renderer));
			}

if (settings is null)
			{
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(settings));
			}

// NOTE: Remove BeginSample/EndSample for now (https://github.com/Arvtesh/UnityFx.Outline/issues/44).
			//if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sampleName))
			//{
			//	sampleName = renderer.name;
			//}

// NOTE: Remove this for now (https://github.com/Arvtesh/UnityFx.Outline/issues/44).
			//_commandBuffer.BeginSample(sampleName);
			{
				RenderObjectClear(settings.OutlineRenderMode);
				DrawRenderer(renderer, settings);
				RenderOutline(settings);
			}
			//_commandBuffer.EndSample(sampleName);
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Specialized render target setup. Do not use if not sure.
		/// </summary>
		public void RenderObjectClear(OutlineRenderFlags flags)
		{
			// NOTE: Use the camera depth buffer when rendering the mask. Shader only reads from the depth buffer (ZWrite Off).
			if ((flags & OutlineRenderFlags.EnableDepthTesting) != 0)
			{
				if (_rtDimention == TextureDimension.Tex2DArray)
				{
					// NOTE: Need to use this SetRenderTarget overload for XR, otherwise single pass instanced rendering does not function properly.
					_commandBuffer.SetRenderTarget(_resources.MaskTex, _depth, 0, CubemapFace.Unknown, -1);
				}
				else
				{
					_commandBuffer.SetRenderTarget(_resources.MaskTex, RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare, RenderBufferStoreAction.Store, _depth, RenderBufferLoadAction.Load, RenderBufferStoreAction.DontCare);
				}
			}
			else
			{
				if (_rtDimention == TextureDimension.Tex2DArray)
				{
					_commandBuffer.SetRenderTarget(_resources.MaskTex, 0, CubemapFace.Unknown, -1);
				}
				else
				{
					_commandBuffer.SetRenderTarget(_resources.MaskTex, RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare, RenderBufferStoreAction.Store);
				}
			}

_commandBuffer.ClearRenderTarget(false, true, Color.clear);
		}

/// <summary>
		/// Renders outline. Do not use if not sure.
		/// </summary>
		public void RenderOutline(IOutlineSettings settings)
		{
			var mat = _resources.OutlineMaterial;
			var props = _resources.GetProperties(settings);

_commandBuffer.SetGlobalFloatArray(_resources.GaussSamplesId, _resources.GetGaussSamples(settings.OutlineWidth));

if (_rtDimention == TextureDimension.Tex2DArray)
			{
				// HPass
				_commandBuffer.SetRenderTarget(_resources.TempTex, 0, CubemapFace.Unknown, -1);
				Blit(_resources.MaskTex, OutlineResources.OutlineShaderHPassId, mat, props);

// VPassBlend
				_commandBuffer.SetRenderTarget(_rt, 0, CubemapFace.Unknown, -1);
				Blit(_resources.TempTex, OutlineResources.OutlineShaderVPassId, mat, props);
			}
			else
			{
				// HPass
				_commandBuffer.SetRenderTarget(_resources.TempTex, RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare, RenderBufferStoreAction.Store);
				Blit(_resources.MaskTex, OutlineResources.OutlineShaderHPassId, mat, props);

// VPassBlend
				_commandBuffer.SetRenderTarget(_rt, RenderBufferLoadAction.Load, RenderBufferStoreAction.Store);
				Blit(_resources.TempTex, OutlineResources.OutlineShaderVPassId, mat, props);
			}
		}

#endregion

#region IDisposable

/// <summary>
		/// Finalizes the effect rendering and releases temporary textures used. Should only be called once.
		/// </summary>
		public void Dispose()
		{
			_commandBuffer.ReleaseTemporaryRT(_resources.TempTexId);
			_commandBuffer.ReleaseTemporaryRT(_resources.MaskTexId);
		}

#endregion

#region implementation

private void DrawRenderer(Renderer renderer, IOutlineSettings settings)
		{
			if (renderer && renderer.enabled && renderer.isVisible && renderer.gameObject.activeInHierarchy)
			{
				// NOTE: Accessing Renderer.sharedMaterials triggers GC.Alloc. That's why we use a temporary
				// list of materials, cached with the outline resources.
				renderer.GetSharedMaterials(_resources.TmpMaterials);

if (_resources.TmpMaterials.Count > 0)
				{
					if (settings.IsAlphaTestingEnabled())
					{
						for (var i = 0; i < _resources.TmpMaterials.Count; ++i)
						{
							var mat = _resources.TmpMaterials[i];

// Use material cutoff value if available.
							if (mat.HasProperty(_resources.AlphaCutoffId))
							{
								_commandBuffer.SetGlobalFloat(_resources.AlphaCutoffId, mat.GetFloat(_resources.AlphaCutoffId));
							}
							else
							{
								_commandBuffer.SetGlobalFloat(_resources.AlphaCutoffId, settings.OutlineAlphaCutoff);
							}

_commandBuffer.SetGlobalTexture(_resources.MainTexId, _resources.TmpMaterials[i].mainTexture);
							_commandBuffer.DrawRenderer(renderer, _resources.RenderMaterial, i, OutlineResources.RenderShaderAlphaTestPassId);
						}
					}
					else
					{
						for (var i = 0; i < _resources.TmpMaterials.Count; ++i)
						{
							_commandBuffer.DrawRenderer(renderer, _resources.RenderMaterial, i, OutlineResources.RenderShaderDefaultPassId);
						}
					}
				}
				else
				{
					// NOTE: No materials set for renderer means we should still render outline for it.
					_commandBuffer.DrawRenderer(renderer, _resources.RenderMaterial, 0, OutlineResources.RenderShaderDefaultPassId);
				}
			}
		}

[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
		private void Blit(RenderTargetIdentifier src, int shaderPass, Material mat, MaterialPropertyBlock props)
		{
			// Set source texture as _MainTex to match Blit behavior.
			_commandBuffer.SetGlobalTexture(_resources.MainTexId, src);

// NOTE: SystemInfo.graphicsShaderLevel check is not enough sometimes (esp. on mobiles), so there is SystemInfo.supportsInstancing
			// check and a flag for forcing DrawMesh.
			if (SystemInfo.graphicsShaderLevel >= 35 && SystemInfo.supportsInstancing && !_resources.UseFullscreenTriangleMesh)
			{
				_commandBuffer.DrawProcedural(Matrix4x4.identity, mat, shaderPass, MeshTopology.Triangles, 3, 1, props);
			}
			else
			{
				_commandBuffer.DrawMesh(_resources.FullscreenTriangleMesh, Matrix4x4.identity, mat, 0, shaderPass, props);
			}
		}

private static RenderTargetIdentifier GetBuiltinDepth(RenderingPath renderingPath)
		{
			return (renderingPath == RenderingPath.DeferredShading || renderingPath == RenderingPath.DeferredLighting) ? BuiltinRenderTextureType.ResolvedDepth : BuiltinRenderTextureType.Depth;
		}

#endregion
	}
}

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